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Home Healthy pregnancy. Placenta previa. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Symptoms Why the bleeding happens Possible complications Causes and risk factors Diagnosis methods Digital vaginal examinations should be strictly avoided Treatment options vary Treatment during pregnancy Delivery Where to get help Things to remember.
Symptoms The most important symptom in placenta previa is painless vaginal bleeding after 20 weeks. They may affect the woman, the fetus, or both and may occur at different times during the pregnancy. However, most pregnancy complications can be effectively treated.
Normally, the placenta is located in the upper part of the uterus. In placenta previa, the placenta is located in the lower part. It covers the opening of the cervix—the entrance to the birth canal. Sometimes the placenta is located near the opening of the cervix, not over it called a low-lying placenta.
Placenta previa occurs in about 1 of deliveries. Placenta previa may be visible on ultrasonography. If it does not resolve, the placenta may detach from the uterus, depriving the baby of its blood supply. Passage of the baby through the birth canal can also tear the placenta, causing severe bleeding.
Risk factors conditions that increase the risk of a disorder for placenta previa include the following:. Being pregnant with twins, triplets, or more babies multiple births Multiple Births The term multiple births refers to the presence of more than one fetus in the uterus. The number of twin, triplet, and other multiple births has been increasing during the last two decades Having a structural abnormality of the uterus, such as fibroids Fibroids A fibroid is a noncancerous tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue.
It is located in the uterus. Fibroids can cause pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, constipation, repeated miscarriages Having had a procedure that involves the uterus such as removal of fibroids from the uterus myomectomy Surgery for fibroids A fibroid is a noncancerous tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue.
If women have symptoms related to the reproductive system gynecologic Placenta previa can cause painless bleeding from the vagina that suddenly begins late in pregnancy. The doctor may do fetal heart monitoring to check your baby's condition. If your newborn is premature, your baby may be treated in a neonatal intensive care unit, or NICU.
Premature babies need to stay in the hospital until they can eat, breathe, and stay warm on their own. Author: Healthwise Staff. This information does not replace the advice of a doctor.
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Top of the page. Topic Overview What is placenta previa? The mother may lose a lot of blood, which can be dangerous for both her and her baby. The placenta may separate too early from the wall of the uterus. This is called abruptio placenta , and it can cause serious bleeding, too. The baby may be born too early premature , at a low birth weight, or with a birth defect. What causes placenta previa? Have had a previous C-section caesarean delivery.
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