King Solomon Dynasty. You must be logged in to post a comment. Skip to content. King Solomon Dynasty Works Cited. BBC, n. Infoplease, n. This entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a Reply Cancel reply You must be logged in to post a comment. Many believe he was strangled in the basement of his palace by, or at the orders of, Lt Col Mengistu Haile Mariam who then systematically murdered his rivals on the military council and established himself as undisputed head of state by The new Marxist government made social reforms and nationalized the assets of the church, aristocracy and landowners.
Financially supported by the Soviet Union, Ethiopia became a totalitarian state and greatly increased the size of its military. Cuban soldiers came and fought alongside Ethiopian soldiers against some of the regional rebellions that followed this upheaval. Ties with the USA were cut.
In this milieu, in , Somalia invaded the eastern Ethiopian territory known as the Ogaden. This invasion was only repelled with a huge airlift of Soviet weapons and the support of 17, Cuban soldiers. The Red Terror of — 78 was a time of extreme blood shed when hundreds of thousands of accused enemies of the Derg were tortured and killed.
Today, there is a museum to this dark period in Addis Ababa. Mengistu fled to be the guest of his erstwhile supporter Mugabe in Zimbabwe. He still lives there despite being found guilty of genocide by Ethiopian courts. Mengistu is considered responsible for the deaths of up to 2,, Ethiopians. In a referendum that followed this victory, Eritrea voted for full independence from Ethiopia and became an independent state in after about 30 years of guerrilla war.
The constitution created the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. In Prime Minister Meles Zenawi and a multiparty parliament were elected in the first of the 5 yearly elections that have followed. The federation consists of 14 national states reflecting ethnic and cultural territories.
The elected state governments are responsible for everything except defence, foreign affairs and economic policy. Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa are two federal city-states with their own government.
Market reforms were introduced and many government businesses were privatized with some notable exceptions including the successful and efficiently run Ethio — Telecom, Ethiopian Airlines and The Commercial Bank of Ethiopia.
There are now many private banks. Massive state investment in infrastructure such as roads and hydroelectricity generation has attracted growing levels of foreign investment. Marxist era land reform saw all land go into government ownership and this is still the case. A key challenge is finding employment for the burgeoning numbers of skilled graduates. Ethiopia is seen as a major African economic success story in recent years starting from a low base as one of the poorest countries on the continent.
Addis Ababa recently opened the first urban, electric powered, light rail system anywhere in Africa. The km Addis Ababa to the port of Djibouti railway line has been electrified and rebuilt for fast trains. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, under construction since , on the Blue Nile will be the largest hydroelectric dam in Africa and 7 th largest in the world.
This resulted in the Ethiopian government having difficulty gaining finance for the USD 5 billion project. Despite this, Ethiopia pressed ahead and largely financed the project itself. Egypt has since signed an agreement with the Ethiopia. There continue to be some challenges including a fast growing population, unreliable rainfall and sometimes, civil unrest around land reform issues. Prime Minister Meles Zenawi died in office in He was succeeded as executive head of government by his then Deputy Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn.
Ethiopia is rapidly developing into a middle income country. Many members of the diaspora are returning and investing in the growing economy. The Ethiopian renaissance, after years of difficulties, is a testament to the courage and resilience of her people. Despite the challenges faced by this great nation, there is a palpable sense of positivity and optimism amongst the people. This is not only in economic terms but in the proud traditional culture and blossoming of contemporary creativity in cinema, theatre, visual arts and music.
According to legends, the new dynasty were male-line descendants of Aksumite monarchs. The 14th century legend was created to legitimize the Solomonic dynasty, under which the chief provinces became Tigray northern , what is now Amhara central , and Shewa southern. The seat of government, or rather of overlordship, was usually in Amhara or Shewa, and the ruler exacted tribute, when he could, from the other provinces.
At the time, Ethiopia engaged in military reforms and imperial expansion that left it dominating the Horn of Africa, especially under the rule of Amda Seyon I — Artistic and literary advancement of the period came together with a decline in urbanization, as the Solomonic emperors did not have a fixed capital but rather moved around the empire in mobile camps. Towards the close of the 15th century, the Portuguese missions into Ethiopia began.
A belief had long prevailed in Europe of the existence of a Christian kingdom in the far east whose monarch was known as Prester John, and various expeditions had been sent to find it. In , a Portuguese fleet, with Matthew on board, entered the Red Sea in compliance with this request, and an embassy from the fleet visited the emperor, Lebna Dengel, and remained in Ethiopia for about six years.
It is considered to have ruled Ethiopia in the 10th century BCE. However, if such records existed, most were lost as a result of the destruction of Orthodox monasteries.
Between and , armies of Muslims, under the Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi, entered Ethiopia from the low country to the southeast and overran the Abyssinian Kingdom, obliging the Emperor to take refuge in the mountains. The ruler turned to the Portuguese again.
However, they were subsequently defeated at the Battle of Wofla , and their commander was captured and executed. Nonetheless, in , Al-Ghazi was shot and killed in the Battle of Wayna Daga, and his forces were totally routed. Following the victory, quarrels arose between the emperor and Bermudes, who now urged the emperor to publicly profess his obedience to Rome.
The emperor refused, and Bermudes was obliged to leave. Upon the death of Emperor Susenyos and the accession of his son Fasilides in , the Jesuits, who had accompanied or followed the Gama expedition, were expelled and the native religion restored to official status. Fasilides made Gondar his capital in and built a castle there, which would grow into the castle complex known as the Fasil Ghebbi, or Royal Enclosure.
In line with this, the team has found a stone pendant marked with a Christian cross. It may be that Aksum rulers brought in Roman craftspeople and instructed them to adapt Roman designs to suit Aksum culture, says Harrower. Archaeologists have long known that Aksum was a major trading civilisation, exporting gold, ivory, elephants and baboons. The trade evidently reached Beta Samati. The team found amphorae, probably used to store wine, which seem to come from Aqaba in what is now Jordan, and a glass bead probably from the eastern Mediterranean.
Journal reference: Antiquity , DOI: Trending Latest Video Free.
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